/28 vs /30 — Subnet Comparison

A /28 subnet is larger than a /30. Every additional bit in the prefix halves the address space — the 2-bit difference between these two means /28 has 22 = 4 times as many addresses.

/28

14 usable hosts — tiny segment

Full reference →
Total IPs 16
Usable Hosts 14
Subnet Mask 255.255.255.240
Wildcard Mask 0.0.0.15

Typical Uses

  • AWS VPC endpoint subnet
  • NAT gateway dedicated subnet
  • Small server cluster
/30

2 usable hosts — point-to-point link

Full reference →
Total IPs 4
Usable Hosts 2
Subnet Mask 255.255.255.252
Wildcard Mask 0.0.0.3

Typical Uses

  • WAN point-to-point link between routers
  • BGP peering session
  • Dedicated leased line addressing

Key Differences

more IPs in /28 than /30
4
/30 subnets fit inside one /28
2
bits of difference in prefix length

How 4 /30 Subnets Divide a /28

Example using 10.0.0.0/28 as the parent block.

# CIDR Network First Usable Last Usable Broadcast Hosts
1 10.0.0.0/30 10.0.0.0 10.0.0.1 10.0.0.2 10.0.0.3 2
2 10.0.0.4/30 10.0.0.4 10.0.0.5 10.0.0.6 10.0.0.7 2
3 10.0.0.8/30 10.0.0.8 10.0.0.9 10.0.0.10 10.0.0.11 2
4 10.0.0.12/30 10.0.0.12 10.0.0.13 10.0.0.14 10.0.0.15 2

FAQ

What is the difference between /28 and /30?

A /28 has 14 usable hosts and a /30 has 2. The subnet masks differ: /28 uses 255.255.255.240 while /30 uses 255.255.255.252. Every additional bit in the prefix halves the number of addresses — so the 2-bit gap means /28 is exactly 4× larger.

How many /30 subnets fit in a /28?

Exactly 4 /30 subnets fit perfectly inside one /28 with no wasted space. To split a /28 into /30s, just increment the last 2 bits of the network address for each new subnet.

Which should I choose?

/28 is typically used for: AWS NAT/endpoint dedicated subnet. /30 is better for: WAN point-to-point link. Choose the smallest prefix that comfortably fits your host count — over-allocating wastes address space, but under-allocating means painful renumbering later.